{"id":1709,"date":"2013-02-08T21:24:31","date_gmt":"2013-02-08T21:24:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/news\/specialcollections\/?p=1709"},"modified":"2013-02-08T21:24:31","modified_gmt":"2013-02-08T21:24:31","slug":"as-extremists-invaded-timbuktu-hid-artifacts-of-a-golden-age","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/2013\/02\/08\/as-extremists-invaded-timbuktu-hid-artifacts-of-a-golden-age\/","title":{"rendered":"As Extremists Invaded, Timbuktu Hid Artifacts of a Golden Age"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Abdoulaye Ciss\u00e9 of the Ahmed Baba Institute with a manuscript that was hidden from extremists, who set fire to others. Tyler Hicks\/The New York Times<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

By <\/span>LYDIA POLGREEN<\/p>\n

<\/a>TIMBUKTU, Mali \u2014 When the moment of danger came, Ali Imam Ben Essayouti knew just what to do. The delicate, unbound parchment manuscripts in the 14th-century mosque he leads had already survived hundreds of years in the storied city of Timbuktu. He was not about to allow its latest invaders, Tuareg nationalist rebels and Islamic extremists from across the region, to destroy them now.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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So he gingerly bundled the 8,000 volumes in sackcloth, carefully stacked them in crates, then quietly moved them to a bunker in an undisclosed location.<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cThese manuscripts, they are not just for us in Timbuktu,\u201d Mr. Essayouti said. \u201cThey belong to all of humanity. It is our duty to save them.\u201d<\/p>\n

The residents of Timbuktu suffered grievously under Islamic militant rule. Almost all of life\u2019s pleasures, even the seemingly innocent ones like listening to music and dancing, were forbidden. With the arrival of French and Malian troops here on Jan. 28, life is slowly returning to normal.<\/p>\n

But the city\u2019s rich historical patrimony suffered terrible losses. Timbuktu is known as the City of 333 Saints, a reference to the Sufi preachers and scholars who are venerated by Muslims here. The Islamic rebels destroyed several earthen tombs of those saints, claiming such shrines were forbidden.<\/p>\n

During their hasty departure from the city last weekend, the fighters struck another parting blow, setting fire to dozens of ancient manuscripts at the Ahmed Baba Institute, the city\u2019s biggest and most important library.<\/p>\n

Irina Bokova, the director general of Unesco, accompanied President Fran\u00e7ois Hollande of France on his visit here on Saturday to get a firsthand look at the damage the city\u2019s cultural artifacts had sustained. She said that plans are already being made to rebuild the tombs of the saints.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are going to reconstruct the mausoleums as soon as possible,\u201d Ms. Bokova said. \u201cWe have the plans, we have the ability to do it. We think this is important for the future of the Malian people, their dignity and their pride.\u201d<\/p>\n

In modern times Timbuktu has become a synonym for a remote place. But the city thrived for centuries at the crossroads of the region\u2019s two great highways: the caravan route across the Sahara passed right by its narrow warren of streets, bringing salt, spices and cloth from the north, and the Niger River brought gold and slaves from West Africa. Traders brought books, and the city\u2019s scribes earned their living by copying them out by hand. These manuscripts cover a vast range of human knowledge \u2014 Islamic philosophy and law, of course, but medicine, botany and astronomy as well.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou will find all forms of knowledge in these manuscripts,\u201d Mr. Essayouti said. \u201cEvery topic under the sun.\u201d<\/p>\n

Beyond their physical presence, Timbuktu\u2019s artifacts are a priceless reminder that sub-Saharan Africa has a long history of deep intellectual endeavor, and that some of that history is written down, not just transmitted orally down the generations.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is the record of the golden ages of the Malian empire,\u201d Ms. Bokova said. \u201cIf you let this disappear, it would be a crime against all of humanity.\u201d<\/p>\n

The cultural artifacts in Timbuktu \u2014 whose population of around 50,000 has shrunk with the latest troubles \u2014 have faced many dangers over the centuries. Harsh climate, termites and the ravages of time have taken a toll, along with repeated invasions \u2014 by the Songhai emperors, nomadic bandits, Moroccan princes and France. Yet many of the antiquities have endured.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is a miracle that these things have survived so long,\u201d Mr. Essayouti said.<\/p>\n

Their survival is a testament to the habit of Timbuktu\u2019s families of hiding away their valuable relics whenever danger is near, burying them deep in the desert.<\/p>\n

Konat\u00e9 Alpha\u2019s family has had a collection of about 3,000 manuscripts for generations, and when the Islamist rebels arrived Mr. Alpha called a family meeting.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe need to find a way to safeguard these manuscripts,\u201d he told his brothers and his father.<\/p>\n

Read more here<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By LYDIA POLGREEN TIMBUKTU, Mali \u2014 When the moment of danger came, Ali Imam Ben Essayouti knew just what to do. The delicate, unbound parchment manuscripts in the 14th-century mosque he leads had already survived hundreds of years in the storied city of Timbuktu. He was not about to allow its latest invaders, Tuareg nationalist […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1709","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-archives-in-the-news"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1709"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1709\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libnews.binghamton.edu\/specialcollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}